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Everyone Has It........ Everyone Needs It....

This red liquid carries oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body, and carries carbon dioxide and other waste products back to the lungs, kidneys and liver for disposal. It fights against infection and helps heal wounds, so we can stay healthy.

There's no substitute for blood. If people lose blood from surgery or injury or if their bodies can't produce enough, there is only one place to turn -- volunteer blood donors.

What is the most common blood type?

The approximate distribution of blood types in the US population is as follows. Distribution may be different for specific racial and ethnic groups:

Blood Type

% of People

Can Give To

Can Receive Types

O Positive

38%

O+, A+, B+, AB+

O+, O-

O Negative

All Types

O-

A Positive

34%

A+, AB+

O+, O-, A+, A-

A Negative

A+, A-, AB+, AB-

A-, O-

B Positive

B+, AB+

O+, O-, B+, B-

B Negative

B+, B-, AB+, AB-

B-, O-

AB Positive

AB+

All Types

AB Negative

AB+, AB-

O-, A-, B-, AB-

What is blood and It’s Importance?

Blood is composed of cells suspended in a liquid. These cells - red cells, white cells, and platelets-account for 45% of the volume of blood.

The remaining liquid portion is the plasma, from which therapeutic fractions and derivatives are made. Blood is the most vital thing for human organism. It helps for the physical growth in humans. If there is no blood in human body many important parts of the body will stop functioning.

RED CELLS:

Red cells in the blood transport oxygen to body cell and remove carbondioxide

WHITE CELLS:

White cells (leukocytes) are the protective cells in the blood stream. They attack bacteria by squeezing through capillary walls to reach the area of infection where they destroy bacteria. White blood cells are also made in the bone marrow, and are produced at twice the rate of red blood cells. It plays a important role in protecting us from so many diseases and enable us to live a healthy life

PLASMA:

The plasma in the blood is the one which takes white and red blood cells to different parts of the body through the blood vessel. Plasma is 92% water, 7% protein, 1% minerals, plusvitamins, sugar, hormones, and enzymes

PLATELETS:

platelets are essential for the coagulation of blood and are used to treat bleeding caused by thrombocytopenia or dysfunctional platelets.

How many different groups are there in the blood?

On the surface of every RBC are to be found specific glycoproteins and glycolipids that act as antigens. RBC antigens are termed isoantigens or agglutinogens.

The types of isoantigens present allow blood to be categorised into different blood groups. Over100 isoantigens have been identified, defining more than two dozen different blood groups. Although in cross-typing blood, all bloodgroups need to be accounted for, two blood groups are of particular importance. These are the ABO blood group and the Rhesus blood group.

ABO Blood group

Two isoantigens are involved in the ABO blood group. These are termed antigen A and antigen B. Various combinations of the presence or absence of A and B antigens produce four different blood types, known as type A, type B, type AB and type O.

Rhesus blood group

The Rhesus system was discovered by Landsteiner in 1941. In his search for blood group antigens he injected RBCs from rhesus monkeys into rabbits and guinea pigs, so producing anti-rhesus antibodies which agglutinated the monkey RBCs. These antibodies were found to agglutinate the blood from 85% of Caucasians, who were thereby designated Rhesus-positive (Rh+). The 15% of the populations whose RBCs failed to agglutinate were termed Rhesus-negative (Rh-).

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